Industrial Water and Wastewater Treatment

Water treatment is any process that makes water more acceptable for a specific end-use. The end use may be drinking, industrial water supply, irrigation, river flow maintenance, water recreation or many other uses, including being safely returned to the environment. Water treatment removes contaminants and undesirable components, or reduces their concentration so that the water becomes fit for its desired end-use.

Two of the main processes of industrial water treatment are boiler water treatment and cooling water treatment. A lack of proper water treatment can lead to the reaction of solids and bacteria within pipe work and boiler housing. Steam boilers can suffer from scale or corrosion when left untreated. Scale deposits can lead to weak and dangerous machinery, while additional fuel is required to heat the same level of water because of the rise in thermal resistance. Poor quality dirty water can become a breeding ground for bacteria such as Legionella causing a risk to public health.

With the proper treatment, a significant proportion of industrial on-site wastewater might be reusable. This can save money in three ways: lower charges for lower water consumption, lower charges for the smaller volume of effluent water discharged and lower energy costs due to the recovery of heat in recycled wastewater.

Corrosion in low pressure boilers can be caused by dissolved oxygen, acidity and excessive alkalinity. Water treatment therefore should remove the dissolved oxygen and maintain the boiler water with the appropriate pH and alkalinity levels. Without effective water treatment, a cooling water system can suffer from scale formation, corrosion and fouling and may become a breeding ground for harmful bacteria. This reduces efficiency, shortens plant life and makes operations unreliable and unsafe.(wikipedia.org)

The water treatment plant in Hot Strip Mill Project shall take into consideration the production program of the plant and their resultant cycle times and cooling water flows as well as scale accumulations and cooling water evaporation losses throughout the production line.

The water treatment plant based on the use of the below listed treatment techniques and components:

-       Scale Pit

-       Submersible scale water pumps with internals made from special materials to reduce abrasion

-       Longitudinal clarifier

-       Dual media filtration

-       Part stream sand filtration

-   Evaporative cooling towers of induced draft, forced ventilation type operating to the cross-flow orcounter-flow principle made of concrete

-       Water basins made of concrete

-       Horizontal cooling water pumps supplying water to the consumers

-       Dosing stations specifically adapted to the treatment process

-       Sludge water holding and mixing basin

-       Thickener for sludge water thickening

-       Belt filter press for thickened sludge dewatering

-       Firefighting system equipped with Booster pumps station, diesel pump and jockey pump

-       Sanitary water system equipped with Booster pump station and jockey pump

-       Diesel pump for emergency water of furnace cooling system

Literation based on :  Wikipedia, HSM Project PT.KS, etc.